The U.S. government, in order to prevent an epidemic of anthrax, purchased in large quantities antibiotic Cipro (ciprofloxacin). Tens of thousands of U.S. citizens take this medicine as a preventive treatment. However, unjustified administration of powerful antibiotics develops “immunity” in many pathogenic viruses, and the same could happen with anthrax. In addition, under such conditions increases the likelihood of the possibility of purposeful development of a form of anthrax resistant to medicines that threatens a catastrophe.

Dr Nicholas Beeching, a member of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, said: “If one person takes antibiotics, it is not dangerous, but if there are 25 thousand, then there is the possibility of developing a drugs-resistant strain of viruses and spread them in society.”

Cipro

Cipro is a prescription antibacterial drug of broad-spectrum of action that is able to suppress infection caused by various pathogens. It can be effective even against bacteria resistant to other fluoroquinolones. Cipro blocks DNA gyrase, violates the biosynthesis of DNA, growth and division of bacteria. In addition, it destroys the cell walls and membranes of bacteria, thereby quickening the death of bacterial cells.

For antimicrobial spectrum, ciprofloxacin is very similar to other fluoroquinolones, but it has a relatively high activity, about 3-8 times more than other representatives of fluoroquinolones.

Cipro is usually well tolerated but sometimes it may cause a few side effects like:
• allergic reactions (itching, rash)
• anorexia (lack of appetite), abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• sleep disturbances, headache, anxiety, low drive
• blood picture modification: leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia (decreased number of platelets in the blood)

During Cipro therapy, it is not recommended to be exposed to ultraviolet rays because of possible photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight) of the skin.

Indications for Cipro are:
• respiratory tract infections (acute or severe bronchitis, influenza, etc.)
• infections of the skin and soft tissues (festering wounds, ulcers, abscesses)
• infections of bones and joints (osteomyelitis, arthritis)
• infections of gastrointestinal tract, including infections caused by salmonella, shigella, campylobacter and other pathogens (inflammation of the gallbladder and biliary tract, intraperitoneal abscess, peritonitis, salmonellosis, etc.)
• gonococcal infections, meningitis
• postoperative infectious complications, sepsis
• other suppurative-inflammatory processes
• urinary tract infections
• infections in cancer patients

More information about Cipro you can get HERE

Levofloxacin, the active component of Levaquin, is the most studied substance among respiratory fluoroquinolones. It has been prescribed to more than 300 million patients worldwide. A number of clinical studies has confirmed Levaquin’s high efficacy and safety both in the traditional indications for this group of antibiotics, such as acute sinusitis, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and in some other diseases: nosocomial pneumonia, chronic bacterial prostatitis. Currently, researchers continue to study the effectiveness of Levauin in pelvic infections, tuberculosis, as well as peptic ulcer (for eradication of Helicobacter pylori) and other diseases.

Levaquin indications:
traditional and new*

Respiratory tract infections:
• Acute sinusitis
• Bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
• Community-acquired pneumonia, including a short 5-day treatment course*. Levaquin is the first fluoroquinolone which can be used short-term in this disease, which improves the compliance of patients, reduces the quantity of intaken medicine, and possibly reduces the risk of selection of antibiotic-resistant strains.
• Community-acquired pneumonia caused by multiresistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae*. In a short-term administration of Levaquin in high doses (750 mg for 5 days), its clinical efficacy was 92,3-100%
• Legionella pneumonia*
• Nosocomial pneumonia*

Infections of skin and soft tissue
Urinary tract infections:
• Uncomplicated (including acute pyelonephritis)
• Complicated
• Chronic prostatitis*. Levaquin is the only fluoroquinolone, which can be used for chronic bacterial prostatitis once per day.

Spectrum of activity
Levaquin has a broad spectrum of activity that includes Gram-positive (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes) and Gram-negative (Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxellacatarrhalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) microorganisms. It should be noted the Levaquin’s high activity against pneumococci resistant to penicillin and other antibiotics. This medicine is more active than many other fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, etc.) against atypical pathogens (Chlamydia spp., Mycoplasma spp.). For activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis it comes before ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin.

Conclusion
Levaquin is highly effective and safe fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum of activity, optimal pharmacokinetics, a convenient dosing regimen (once per day), availability of different forms of the medicine for intravenous and oral administration, which allows its wide use in the treatment of infections of different localization. In the future, it will be probably possible to use Levaquin for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

More information about Levaquin you can get HERE

Staxyn

Staxyn medication must not be using in combination with nitrates which are nitrogen oxide donors. Also the medication is not recommended for use with CYP3A4 inhibitors, alpha-blockers, protease inhibitors and other drugs which interact with Levitra (see Levitra drugs interactions).

It is not recommended to take Staxyn tablets in patients with hypertension, history of heart attacks and strokes (for the last 6 months), unstable angina, degenerative diseases of the retina. Also the medication must not be used in patients with anatomical deformations of the penis.

Staxyn side effects are common for all PDE5 inhibitors and include: headache, hot flashes, dyspepsia, nausea, dizziness, nasal congestion.  Less common Staxyn side effects include: increased levels of creatine kinase in the blood, back pain, rhinitis. You can get more information about the vardenafil HERE!

of dutasteride and tamsulosin has been properly studied in patients with BPH and it was shown high effectiveness and safety profile. Dutasteride helps reduce the size of enlarged prostate gland. Tamsulosin lowers the tone of smooth muscles in the prostate gland,  prostatic urethra and urogenital passages. By relaxing smooth muscles, tamsulosin relives the symptoms of  obstruction and irritation associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia.  Vice president, R&D medicine development leader at Glaxo Smith Klein Anne Phillips shows that is the first time when dutasteride and tamsulosin will be available at one capsule. The drug is contraindicated for use in women and children, as well as patients with hypersensitivity to dutasteride or tamsulosin.

Dutaseride is currently available under the name Avodart and Tamsulosin under the name Flomax.

Glaxo Smith Klein expects that Jalyn (dutasteride 0.5 mg and tamsulosin 0.4 mg) will be available at the pharmaceutical market  during the second half of 2010.

It is obvious that EGCG possess the ability to slow down the progression of lymphocytic leukemia. Clinical effectiveness of a substance is not very high, however statistically significant. The results suggest that EGCG can be successfully used in combination with other drugs at the early stages of lymphocytic leukemia.

The study involved 42 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. All patients were at early stage of the disease. After the application of epigallocatechin gallate, the amount of leukemia cells are reduced by 20%. Nearly 70% of patients noticed decreasing the size of lymph nodes by 50%.

Apparently, the treatment with epigallocatechin gallate can not replace chemotherapy. However, the obtained results are very encouraging. Scientists plan to continue research to identify the maximum potential of the polyphenols in green tea.

The results will be presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Chicago.

Clinical studies have shown that Denosumab works by improving bone mineral density and reducing different types of fractures.

FDA decision is based on the results of three clinical studies involving nearly 8,000 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The study showed that the use of the drug increases bone density and reduces the risk of spine fractures by 68% and hip by 40%, non-vertebral fractures by 20% . Prolia (denosumab) is recommended for patients who failed or are intolerant to other osteoporosis treatments.
In spite of the fact that there are many options for  postmenopausal osteoarthritis treatment, Prolia cn have an advantage over other PMO drugs due to its suitable dosage regimen.

Prolia is contraindicated in patients with hypocalcemia. If denosumab is indicated, hypocalcemia can significantly progress, especially in case of dysfunction of renal function.

On May 28 The European Commission also approved the application for marketing of Prolia (denosumab) in the EU.

Zymaxid is made by pharmaceutical company Allergan, Inc – company that specialized in producing high quality ophthalmic solution. Zymaxid is the medication with the highest dose of gatifloxacin on the US pharmaceutical market.

Zymaxid is effective against a wide variety of microorganisms including gram positive and gram negative microorganisms. Double blind clinical trials involved more than 1500 patients with bacterial conjunctivitis showed high effectiveness up to 90%

The recommended dose of Zymaxid  0.5% ophthalmic solution is 1 drop instilled in the affected eye or eyes every two hours while awake on day up to eight times, followed by one drop instilled two to four times per day in the affected eye or eyes while awake on days two through seven.

The most common Zymaxid  side effects included: eye pain, redness, irritation, aggravation of conjunctivitis, dysgeusia. As with other antibacterial preparations, long-term application of gatifloxacin may lead to overgrowth of nonsusceptible microorganisms such as fungi.

The safety profile and effectiveness of Natazia are confirmed in two clinical trials with the participation of more than 2000 women in the USA and Europe. FDA’s Dr. Scott Monroe says that currently nearly 12 millions of women in the USA use hormonal birth control pills and probably these women will be interested in replacement of their contraceptives to a new more safe medication. In addition, clinical trial showed that Natazia may help to reduce excessive menstrual bleeding.

Like in other hormonal birth control pills Natazia action mechanism is associated with the suppression of ovulation via inhibiting the release of follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormone. Natazia changes the properties of cervical secret and modifies endomethrium making implantation of fertilized ovule nearly impossible.

Natazia use is related to increased risks of several serious conditions such as venous and arterial thrombotic and thromboembolic events (such as myocardial infarction, thromboembolism, stroke, hepatic neoplasia, hypertension, ruptured ovarian cyst and uterine leiomyoma, gallbladder disease).

The most common Natazia side effects include: irregular bleedings, swollen nipples, nausea, vomiting, and headache. It is not recommended to use the medication in women who smoke and are over 35 years of age. Smoking significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications.

People that regularly use olive oil have a high rate of cardiovascular diseases. Some clinical data shows that olive oil can reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease serving as the most effective prophylactic remedy.

Olive oil contains also polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid that is used in production of Omega-3. Linoleic acid strengthens cell membranes and exerts beneficial effect on mucous membranes. Oliver oil is reach in vitamins A, B, C, D, E, F, K that neutralize free radicals.

Olive oil is recommended for patients with liver diseases due to its light choleretic effect. A spoonful of olive oil taken on empty stomach stimulates the production and release of bile into the duodenum. There is a special diet consisting of lemons and olive oil that is indicated to clean organism from slags. Ancient Greeks considered olive oil mixed with honey as the best remedy for erectile dysfunction.